convolutional graph filters are permutation equivariant

Data
Theorem

graph convolution are permutation equivariant.

Suppose we have a graph shift operator S, a graph signal x, and a permutation matrix P. (recall that P{0,1} such that P1=1, P1=1, PTP=PPT=I). Suppose we relabel nodes V={1,2,,n} according to P, ie, define S=PSPT and x=Px. Consider filter y=H(S)x.

Then y=H(S)x=Py

Proof

y=H(S)x=k=0K1hk(PSPT)kPx=k=0K1hkPSkPTPx=Pk=0K1hkSkx=Py

Thus H is invariant to permutations. (if S and x are permuted/relabelled, y is relabelled in the same way)

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graph convolution
2025-01-29 graphs lecture 3
2025-02-03 graphs lecture 4
2025-02-25 equivariant lecture 4